Economic Growth in Africa
Africa is undergoing unprecedented growth. The continent’s economies are growing at an average rate of 4% per year, according to a 2015 report by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). Six of the world’s ten fastest growing economies over the past decade were in sub-Saharan Africa. With sustained growth, Africa’s GDP should increase roughly three-fold by 2030 and seven-fold by 2050.
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In order to sustain this growth trajectory a major investment in energy is, however, imperative.
According to IRENA, Africa displays a huge potential for the exploitation of renewable energy sources. Opportunities in bio-thermal, geothermal, hydro, marine, solar and wind energy abound. Solar and wind especially show great promise for off-grid and mini-grid electrification in remote locations for both household and industrial use.
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Africa could be seen to be “at the forefront of the energy transition with some of the greatest challenges and best opportunities in the world”, as noted by Dr Christoph Frei, Secretary General of the World Energy Council, in the run-up to the 2016 Africa Energy Indaba.
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Investors, however, face difficult challenges. Ailing or inadequate infrastructure, abysmal grid-power supplies and the need for industries such as mobile telecoms to invest in remote off-grid locations drive the need for new energy solutions but also increase operational costs and risk.